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BIOTECHNOLOGY

Agar Agar

Agar Agar is an indispensable part of the biotechnology industry. It is used as a gelling agent to prepare semi-solid and solid plant tissue culture medium. The reason why Agar is preferred over other gelling agents are:

• Workable at incubation temperature

Agar Agar when mixed with appropriate portions of water forms into a gel which melts at around 85-95° C and solidifies at 34°C to 41°C.

• Nonreactive with media constituents

Agar-Agar remains unfaced when subjected to media constituents and is immune from plant enzymes.

• Controllable firmness

The firmness of Agar gel depends on the concentration, pH of the medium, and the Agar brand used as culture medium. The Agar concentrations that generally range between 0.5% to 1.0% give the required firmness at a pH specific for plant cell culture media.

• Agar gels are transparent, allowing for easy observation of cells or microorganisms during growth and experiments.

• Agar is also used in plant tissue culture to provide a solid medium for the growth and regeneration of plant cells, tissues, and organs. It is frequently employed for techniques like micro propagation and somatic embryogenesis.

• Researchers can adjust the concentration of agar to control the gel’s firmness and the density of the culture medium. This flexibility allows them to create custom media tailored to the specific requirements of their tissue culture experiments.

Agarose

Agarose, an Agar Agar derivative is also extensively used for various biotechnological applications:

• For Gel chromatography as a separator of large molecules like antibodies, lipo proteins,etc.
• For DNA and RNA recoveries.
• For live cell imaging, as it improves the quality of images.

Plant Gel (Gellan Gum)

Gellan Gum is used for suspension and plant tissue culture applications.

• Gellan gum is used to create a gel-like medium that provides mechanical support to plant or microbial cells. This is particularly useful in tissue culture when you need a solid or semi-solid medium for the growth of cells.

• Gellan gum allows for the control of the consistency of the culture medium. By adjusting the concentration of Gellan gum, you can achieve different levels of gel strength and viscosity, which can be tailored to the specific requirements of your tissue culture.

• The gel created by Gellan gum retains moisture and nutrients, making it an ideal medium for cell growth. It ensures that cells have access to the necessary nutrients while preventing them from settling at the bottom of the container. gellan gum-based gels are generally transparent, which allows for easy observation and monitoring of cell growth and development under a microscope.